Research effects
Thymalin is a polypeptide immunomodulator extracted from calf thymus that enhances adaptive immunity by promoting hematopoietic stem cell differentiation into T-lymphocytes and regulating T-cell subset balance. Its active dipeptides KE and EW suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) by 1.4–6.0-fold in vitro via gene network modulation, effectively regulating inflammatory responses. Clinically, it is used for chronic hepatitis, wound repair, and as adjunctive therapy in severe infections in middle-aged/elderly patients. Long-term administration in elderly populations improves cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune function, with significant mortality reduction (2.0–2.1-fold), suggesting geroprotective potential.
